Language learning

Language learning is the acquisition of knowledge and skill in a language through study, practice, or instruction. It can involve vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

Second-language acquisition: The processes by which people learn a language after acquiring their first language. This broader field explains learning both through deliberate study and through exposure.
Vocabulary acquisition: The process of learning the meanings, forms, and uses of words and multiword expressions. Lexical knowledge supplies the words needed to understand and express meaning.
Task-based language teaching: A teaching approach that organizes language instruction around meaningful tasks requiring communication. Tasks give learners a reason to use language while developing communicative ability.
Language acquisition: The development of language ability through exposure and use, often without explicit instruction. It contrasts with the deliberate study and instruction central to this concept.
Spaced repetition: A study technique that schedules review at increasing intervals to strengthen long-term memory. Spacing vocabulary reviews helps preserve words beyond short-term practice.
Grammar acquisition: The development of knowledge about how words combine and change to form grammatical expressions. Grammar knowledge supports interpreting and producing structured sentences.
Communicative language teaching: A language-teaching approach that prioritizes meaningful communication and interaction. It frames language practice around conveying and understanding messages.
First-language acquisition: The process by which children develop their first language, typically through interaction and exposure. Its largely implicit developmental course differs from conscious language study.
Retrieval practice: A learning strategy that strengthens memory by requiring information to be recalled from memory. Recalling words or grammatical forms can strengthen access more than rereading them.
Phonological awareness: The ability to notice and work with the sound structure of spoken language. Awareness of sound patterns supports pronunciation and listening distinctions.

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