Lansoprazole

Lansoprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor that suppresses stomach acid by inhibiting the gastric H⁺/K⁺-ATPase in acid-secreting cells.

Gastric H⁺/K⁺-ATPase: A membrane enzyme in stomach parietal cells that exchanges hydrogen ions for potassium ions, secreting acid into the stomach. Lansoprazole’s active form binds this enzyme and blocks the final step of acid secretion.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease: A chronic condition in which stomach contents reflux into the esophagus, causing troublesome symptoms or complications. Lansoprazole reduces acid exposure and is used to treat reflux symptoms and heal esophagitis.
Famotidine: A histamine H₂-receptor antagonist that reduces stomach acid secretion. It suppresses acid through histamine signaling rather than directly inhibiting the proton pump.
Hypomagnesemia: An abnormally low concentration of magnesium in the blood. Prolonged proton-pump inhibitor use has been associated with rare cases of low magnesium.
Proton-pump inhibitor: A class of drugs that reduce gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the stomach’s H⁺/K⁺-ATPase. Lansoprazole belongs to this drug class and shares its acid-suppressing mechanism.
Peptic ulcer disease: Ulcers in the stomach or duodenum caused by damage to the protective lining, commonly involving Helicobacter pylori or NSAIDs. Acid suppression helps ulcers heal, though treatment also addresses the underlying cause.
Antacid: A substance that neutralizes acid already present in the stomach. Unlike lansoprazole, it acts by neutralization rather than prolonged suppression of acid production.
Vitamin B12 deficiency: A condition caused by insufficient vitamin B12, which can impair blood formation and nerve function. Sustained reduction in stomach acid can hinder release of food-bound vitamin B12.
Parietal cell: A stomach cell that secretes hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. The gastric proton pumps targeted by lansoprazole are located in these cells.
Helicobacter pylori eradication: Treatment regimens that combine antibiotics and acid suppression to eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection. Lansoprazole can be paired with antibiotics in regimens for this ulcer-associated infection.

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EsomeprazoleCompared with: It is a related acid-suppressing alternative with different pharmacokinetic properties.