Latent heat of vaporization

Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to convert a liquid into vapor without changing its temperature. It is usually expressed per unit mass or per mole.

Enthalpy of vaporization: The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance vaporizes at constant pressure. This thermodynamic quantity expresses vaporization energy on a molar basis.
Latent heat: Energy absorbed or released during a phase change without a temperature change. Vaporization is one specific phase change described by latent heat.
Evaporative cooling: Cooling caused when higher-energy molecules escape from a liquid as vapor. The escaping vapor carries away the energy required for vaporization.
Latent heat of fusion: Energy required to convert a solid into a liquid without changing its temperature. Fusion changes solid to liquid, whereas vaporization changes liquid to gas.
Boiling point: The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the surrounding pressure. At this temperature, vaporization proceeds throughout the liquid, not only at its surface.
Specific latent heat: Energy required for a unit mass of a substance to undergo a phase change at constant temperature. It expresses vaporization energy per unit mass.
Evapotranspiration: The combined transfer of water to the atmosphere by evaporation and plant transpiration. Its latent heat flux links vaporization energy to surface and atmospheric temperatures.
Latent heat of sublimation: Energy required to convert a solid directly into vapor without passing through a liquid phase. Sublimation bypasses the liquid phase and has a distinct phase-change energy.
Vapor pressure: The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its condensed phase at a given temperature. Its value determines the boiling condition and influences vaporization energy.
Sensible heat: Energy transferred to or from a substance that changes its temperature without changing its phase. Unlike sensible heat, vaporization energy changes phase while temperature stays constant.

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