Laurussia

Laurussia was a Paleozoic continent formed when Laurentia and Baltica collided during the Silurian, about 430 million years ago. It later joined other landmasses in the assembly of Pangaea.

Laurentia: An ancient continental landmass that included much of present-day North America and Greenland. Laurentia was one of the two continents whose collision formed Laurussia.
Plate tectonics: The theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into moving plates whose interactions reshape the planet. The motion of plates brought Laurentia and Baltica into collision.
Pangaea: A supercontinent that assembled most of Earth's landmasses during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic. Laurussia later became part of this larger supercontinent.
Gondwana: A southern supercontinent that included Africa, South America, Antarctica, Australia, and parts of Asia. Unlike Laurussia, Gondwana occupied the southern part of the Paleozoic world.
Baltica: An ancient continental landmass comprising much of present-day northern and eastern Europe. Baltica collided with Laurentia to create Laurussia.
Continental collision: The convergence of buoyant continental crust that thickens and deforms both landmasses. This process joined Laurentia and Baltica into Laurussia.
Euramerica: A Paleozoic landmass commonly used for the continent formed by Laurentia, Baltica, and Avalonia. This name often emphasizes Laurussia after Avalonia had joined it.
Pannotia: A proposed late Precambrian supercontinent associated with the assembly and breakup of Gondwana. It predates Laurussia and represents a different stage of continental assembly.
Iapetus Ocean: An ancient ocean that separated Laurentia, Baltica, and Avalonia before their Paleozoic collisions. Its closure brought Laurentia and Baltica together.
Subduction: The descent of one tectonic plate beneath another into Earth's mantle. Subduction consumed oceanic crust as the Iapetus Ocean closed before collision.

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