Lead(II) chloride

Lead(II) chloride (PbCl₂) is an ionic compound of lead and chlorine. It occurs naturally as the mineral cotunnite and is sparingly soluble in cold water.

Lead(II) ion: The Pb²⁺ cation, formed when a lead atom loses two electrons. Pb²⁺ combines with chloride ions in a 1:2 ratio to form this salt.
Qualitative inorganic analysis: The identification of inorganic ions through characteristic chemical reactions. PbCl₂ precipitation can help identify lead ions in a sample.
Cotunnite: The naturally occurring orthorhombic mineral form of lead(II) chloride. Cotunnite is the mineral name for naturally occurring PbCl₂.
Lead(IV) chloride: A lead chloride compound with formula PbCl₄ and lead in the +4 oxidation state. Unlike PbCl₂, it contains Pb⁴⁺ and is unstable at ordinary conditions.
Chloride: The Cl⁻ anion, formed when a chlorine atom gains one electron. Chloride supplies the negative charge that balances Pb²⁺ in PbCl₂.
Precipitation reaction: A reaction in solution that forms an insoluble solid from dissolved substances. Mixing suitable lead and chloride solutions produces a PbCl₂ precipitate.
Vesuvius: A volcano in southern Italy known for eruptions and mineral deposits. Cotunnite has been found among minerals associated with Vesuvius.
Lead(II) bromide: An ionic lead compound with formula PbBr₂. Replacing chloride with the larger bromide ion changes solubility and crystal behavior.
Solubility product: An equilibrium constant describing the dissolution of a sparingly soluble ionic solid. The solubility product quantifies the equilibrium between solid PbCl₂ and its dissolved ions.
Lead halide perovskite: A material with a perovskite crystal structure containing lead and halide ions. PbCl₂ can serve as a lead-and-chloride precursor in perovskite preparation.

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