Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease

Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease is a childhood hip disorder in which interrupted blood supply causes the femoral head to die temporarily, collapse, and later regenerate.

Femoral head: The rounded upper end of the femur that fits into the hip socket. This is the bone region whose circulation and shape are disrupted.
Hip radiography: Imaging of the hip using X-rays to show bones and joint alignment. Serial radiographs reveal disease stage and changes in femoral-head shape.
Arthur Legg: An American orthopedic surgeon who described childhood femoral-head disease in 1910. His report contributed the first surname in the disease's English name.
Coxa magna: Enlargement of the femoral head and neck. Healing may leave an enlarged head that no longer fits the socket smoothly.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip: A range of conditions in which the hip socket and femoral head develop an abnormal relationship. Unlike Perthes disease, it primarily involves abnormal joint development rather than bone ischemia.
Avascular necrosis: Bone tissue death caused by inadequate blood supply. It names the tissue injury at the start of the disease process.
Magnetic resonance imaging: An imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed internal images. MRI can detect early disease before radiographs show characteristic bone changes.
Jacques Calvé: A French physician who described the childhood hip disorder in 1910. His independent description contributed the second surname.
Coxa plana: Flattening of the femoral head. This is a possible residual shape after collapse and healing.
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: A disorder in which the femoral head slips relative to the femoral neck through the growth plate. It usually affects older children and results from growth-plate failure, not temporary avascular necrosis.

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