Liliʻuokalani

Liliʻuokalani was the last reigning monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, ruling from 1891 until her overthrow in 1893. She was also a composer and advocate for Hawaiian sovereignty.

Kingdom of Hawaiʻi: An independent Polynesian kingdom that governed the Hawaiian Islands from 1795 until its overthrow in 1893. Liliʻuokalani ruled this kingdom during its final years.
Robert William Wilcox: A Hawaiian revolutionary and politician who led armed uprisings against the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi’s government. His 1895 rebellion challenged the republic formed after Liliʻuokalani’s overthrow.
Aloha ʻOe: A Hawaiian song composed by Liliʻuokalani, widely known for its theme of farewell. It is her best-known composition and remains associated with her legacy.
Republic of Hawaiʻi: A republic established in 1894 after the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom, lasting until U.S. annexation in 1898. It governed after Liliʻuokalani’s deposition and imprisoned her following the 1895 rebellion.
Kalākaua: The seventh monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, reigning from 1874 to 1891. Liliʻuokalani succeeded her brother as monarch after his death.
Sanford B. Dole: A Hawaiian-born lawyer and politician who headed the provisional government and later the Republic of Hawaiʻi. He led the government that replaced Liliʻuokalani’s monarchy.
Queen Liliʻuokalani’s Songbook: A collection of songs composed by Liliʻuokalani and published in 1895. It documents the breadth of her musical work.
Annexation of Hawaiʻi: The 1898 incorporation of Hawaiʻi into the United States as a territory. It followed the end of the monarchy Liliʻuokalani had sought to restore.
Bayonet Constitution: The 1887 constitution imposed on King Kalākaua that curtailed royal authority and restricted voting rights. It weakened the monarchy before Liliʻuokalani took the throne.
James H. Blount: A U.S. representative sent to Hawaiʻi in 1893 to investigate the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. His inquiry examined the U.S. minister’s actions during her removal.

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