Liu Bei

Liu Bei was a warlord who founded Shu Han during China’s Three Kingdoms period and ruled as its first emperor from 221 to 223.

Zhuge Liang: A strategist and statesman who served Shu Han and became its leading minister after Liu Bei’s death. Liu Bei recruited him in 207 and entrusted him with Shu Han’s government.
Battle of Red Cliffs: A 208 battle in which the forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao’s army near the Yangtze River. The victory checked Cao Cao’s southward advance and opened space for Liu Bei’s expansion.
Han dynasty: A Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 202 BCE to 220 CE, apart from the Xin interregnum. Liu Bei claimed descent from the Han imperial house and framed his rule as its restoration.
Records of the Three Kingdoms: A third-century Chinese historical work by Chen Shou covering the late Han and Three Kingdoms period. It is the principal early historical source for Liu Bei’s life and reign.
Guan Yu: A general who served Liu Bei and later became a celebrated figure in Chinese culture. His loyalty to Liu Bei became central to their shared legend.
Battle of Hanzhong: A campaign from 217 to 219 in which Liu Bei’s forces captured Hanzhong from Cao Cao. Its outcome gave Liu Bei a strategic base and preceded his declaration as King of Hanzhong.
Yellow Turban Rebellion: A large popular uprising against the Han dynasty that began in 184 CE. Liu Bei entered military service amid the rebellion and the disorder it intensified.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms: A Chinese historical novel traditionally attributed to Luo Guanzhong, dramatizing the late Han and Three Kingdoms era. Its heroic portrayal of Liu Bei differs from the more restrained historical record.
Zhang Fei: A general who served Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms periods. He was one of Liu Bei’s earliest military companions and a key Shu commander.
Battle of Yiling: A 222 battle in which Eastern Wu defeated Liu Bei’s invading army in the Three Kingdoms period. The defeat ended Liu Bei’s campaign to recover Jing Province and weakened Shu Han.

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