Lock picking

Lock picking is the non-destructive opening of a lock without its original key, using tools or manipulation. It exploits the lock’s internal mechanism rather than breaking the lock.

Pin tumbler lock: A cylinder lock whose pin pairs block rotation until a correctly cut key aligns them at the shear line. Its pin stacks are the mechanism most commonly associated with picking.
Lock (security device): A device that restricts access or movement until an authorized key, code, or other input operates it. Picking is one way to operate a lock without its intended key.
Locksmithing: The trade of installing, repairing, opening, and maintaining locks and related access systems. Lock picking is one non-destructive method used in professional lock service.
Forced entry: Entry gained by damaging, bypassing, or overpowering a barrier rather than operating it normally. Picking seeks access without the physical destruction typical of forced entry.
Shear line: The boundary between a lock’s plug and shell, where aligned pin stacks must separate for the plug to turn. Picking a pin tumbler lock means freeing this boundary without its key.
Cylinder lock: A lock operated by turning a cylindrical plug within a housing. Many pickable locks use a rotating cylinder as their central mechanism.
Penetration testing: An authorized assessment that tests systems for exploitable security weaknesses. Physical security assessments can include testing whether locks resist manipulation.
Lock bypass: Opening a lock by exploiting a route around its intended internal mechanism. Bypass techniques differ from picking, which manipulates the lock mechanism itself.
Tension wrench: A small tool that applies rotational force to a lock plug during manipulation. It supplies the turning force that makes binding components detectable.
Key (lock): A shaped object designed to operate a particular lock by positioning or actuating its internal components. A picker attempts to reproduce the key’s mechanical effect without using the key.

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