Knowra Lymphedema Lymphedema Lymphedema is persistent swelling caused by impaired lymphatic drainage, usually in an arm or leg. It can result from lymphatic damage or abnormal development.
Lymphatic system : A network of vessels, tissues, and organs that returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and supports immune function. Lymphedema develops when this drainage network cannot transport fluid effectively.
Primary lymphedema : Lymphedema caused by developmental or inherited abnormalities of the lymphatic system. It is the form caused by abnormal lymphatic development rather than an acquired injury.
Lymphoscintigraphy : An imaging test that tracks a radioactive tracer through lymphatic vessels and nodes. It can demonstrate abnormal lymph transport when diagnosis or surgical planning requires imaging.
Lipedema : A chronic disorder involving disproportionate, often painful enlargement of subcutaneous fat, usually in the legs. Unlike lymphedema, lipedema primarily reflects abnormal fat distribution and typically spares the feet.
Lymphangiosarcoma : A rare malignant tumor arising from lymphatic endothelial cells, sometimes developing in chronically lymphedematous tissue. Stewart–Treves syndrome links this cancer to longstanding lymphedema after mastectomy.
Lymphatic capillary : A small, blind-ended vessel that collects excess fluid and proteins from tissue spaces. Impaired uptake at these initial vessels can contribute to fluid accumulation.
Secondary lymphedema : Lymphedema caused by damage or obstruction of previously formed lymphatic vessels. It accounts for swelling that follows surgery, radiation, infection, or other acquired damage.
Bioimpedance spectroscopy : A measurement method that estimates extracellular fluid by analyzing how electrical currents pass through tissue. It can detect fluid changes that precede visible swelling in people at risk.
Venous insufficiency : Impaired return of blood through the veins, often causing dependent leg swelling and skin changes. Venous hypertension can cause edema, but its origin is impaired venous return rather than lymphatic drainage.
Stewart–Treves syndrome : Lymphangiosarcoma arising in a chronically lymphedematous limb, classically after breast cancer treatment. It is a rare but serious complication associated with longstanding secondary lymphedema.
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