Makuria

Makuria was a medieval Christian kingdom in Nubia, centered on the Nile between the First and Third Cataracts. Its capital was Old Dongola.

Kingdom of Kush: An ancient kingdom in Nubia that ruled the Nile Valley south of Egypt and developed major centers at Napata and Meroë. Kushite states preceded Makuria and shaped the political landscape of Nubia.
Baqt: A long-running agreement between Makuria and Muslim Egypt governing relations, payments, and exchanges across their frontier. The Baqt helped regulate Makuria’s dealings with Egypt after the Arab conquest.
Faras Cathedral: A medieval Nubian cathedral whose painted decoration and inscriptions were recovered at Faras in northern Sudan. Its paintings and inscriptions illuminate Christian culture in Makuria’s northern region.
Arab conquest of Egypt: The seventh-century conquest that brought Egypt under the rule of Arab Muslim forces. It created the new northern power with which Makuria negotiated.
Nobatia: A medieval Christian kingdom in northern Nubia, centered near the Nile’s Second Cataract. Nobatia bordered Makuria before the two kingdoms were united.
Treaty of Baqt: The seventh-century agreement traditionally associated with Makuria and the Arab rulers of Egypt. This treaty is the landmark diplomatic arrangement associated with Makuria’s northern frontier.
Banganarti: An archaeological site in Nubia known for the medieval pilgrimage church of Raphael, adorned with royal portraits. The church’s portraits show rulers participating in a sacred setting.
Mamluk Sultanate: A Muslim state that ruled Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to early sixteenth centuries. Mamluk expansion intensified pressure on Nubian kingdoms in Makuria’s later history.
Alodia: A medieval Christian kingdom in southern Nubia, with its capital at Soba near modern Khartoum. Alodia was Makuria’s southern Christian neighbor along the Nile.
Old Dongola: The archaeological site of Makuria’s capital, located on the east bank of the Nile in present-day Sudan. The capital concentrated royal, religious, and administrative life.

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SobaRelated: Makuria was Alodia’s northern Christian neighbor.