Knowra Mania Mania Mania is a sustained period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased energy. It involves significant impairment or severe features such as psychosis or need for hospitalization.
Circadian rhythm : An internal roughly 24-hour cycle that regulates sleep, hormones, alertness, and other bodily processes. Sleep-wake disruption can accompany mania and may interact with mood regulation.
Mood : A sustained emotional state that influences how a person experiences and responds to events. Mania is defined partly by a sustained shift in mood, not a momentary emotion.
Lithium : A mood-stabilizing medication used to treat and prevent episodes in bipolar disorder. It is a well-established treatment option for acute mania and long-term relapse prevention.
Manic episode : A defined period meeting clinical criteria for mania, including a sustained mood and energy change. This is the episode-level clinical pattern that the concept describes.
Sleep deprivation : A condition caused by obtaining less sleep than the body needs. Reduced sleep may precede or intensify manic symptoms, though it is not mania itself.
Hypomania : A period of elevated or irritable mood and increased energy that is less severe than mania and does not cause marked impairment or require hospitalization. The distinction hinges chiefly on severity, impairment, psychosis, and hospitalization.
Valproate : An anticonvulsant medication also used as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. It is one medication clinicians may use to treat manic episodes.
Grandiosity : An exaggerated sense of personal importance, ability, knowledge, or power. Inflated self-esteem or grandiose beliefs can appear during mania.
Dopamine : A neurotransmitter involved in movement, motivation, reward learning, and several brain circuits. Dopamine signaling is one proposed contributor to changes in reward and motivation during mania.
Bipolar I disorder : A mood disorder defined by at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes. A manic episode is the defining feature required for this diagnosis.
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