Marajó

Marajó is a large island in the Amazon River delta in Pará, Brazil, between the mouths of the Amazon and Tocantins rivers. Its seasonal floods, grasslands, and forests shape its ecology and settlement.

Amazon River: A major South American river that flows eastward across the continent and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. Its delta forms Marajó’s northern and western setting.
Amazon River flood pulse: The recurring rise and fall of Amazonian rivers that seasonally inundates floodplains. Annual flooding reshapes habitats and livelihoods across Marajó.
Marajó cattle: Cattle raised on the seasonal grasslands and wetlands of Marajó Island. Ranching is a longstanding use of the island’s open floodplain.
Marajoara culture: A pre-Columbian society on Marajó Island known for elaborate ceramics and large earthworks. Its archaeological record gives the island a distinctive cultural history.
Caviana Island: A low-lying island in the Amazon estuary north of Marajó, exposed to strong tides and coastal erosion. It shares the estuary but is smaller and more directly exposed to Atlantic forces.
Tocantins River: A large river in central and northern Brazil that joins the Pará estuary near the Amazon delta. Its mouth lies south of Marajó, helping define the island’s location.
Amazonian várzea: A seasonally flooded forest and floodplain along nutrient-rich whitewater rivers in the Amazon Basin. Várzea landscapes occur along parts of Marajó’s river margins.
Marajó buffalo: Water buffalo kept on Marajó Island for meat, milk, and work in wet environments. Buffalo are a conspicuous adaptation to the island’s flooded terrain.
Marajoara pottery: Pre-Columbian ceramic vessels and objects made by the Marajoara people, often decorated with complex designs. These artifacts are among the best-known remains found on Marajó.
Mexiana Island: An island in the Amazon delta northwest of Marajó, in Pará, Brazil. It is a nearby delta island with a different scale and position.

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