Marcionism

Marcionism was a second-century Christian movement that rejected the Hebrew scriptures and promoted a sharply edited collection of Christian writings. It distinguished the creator God of those scriptures from the previously unknown God revealed by Jesus.

Marcion of Sinope: A second-century Christian teacher who founded the movement called Marcionism. His teachings and editorial choices gave the movement its distinctive form.
Proto-orthodox Christianity: The developing mainstream Christian traditions that shaped the doctrines and canon later called orthodox. These communities affirmed the Hebrew scriptures and rejected Marcion’s separation of the creator from Jesus’s Father.
Second-century Christianity: The diverse Christian communities, texts, and debates of the years 100–200 CE. Marcionism arose when Christian identity and authoritative scripture were still contested.
Marcionite canon: Marcion’s collection of Christian writings, consisting of a Gospel and a selection of Pauline letters. It enacted his rejection of the Hebrew scriptures and his editorial approach to Christian texts.
New Testament: The collection of Christian writings included in the Christian Bible alongside the Old Testament. Marcion’s collection is often discussed in the history of efforts to define a Christian corpus.
Hebrew Bible: The collection of Jewish scriptures that forms the first major part of the Christian Bible. Marcion rejected these scriptures as the work of a different god from Jesus’s Father.
Gnosticism: A diverse set of ancient religious movements emphasizing saving knowledge and often distinguishing a highest God from the material world’s maker. Both challenged simple identifications of the creator with the highest God, but Marcionism was not simply Gnosticism.
Apostolic Fathers: Early Christian writers whose surviving works date roughly from the late first to mid-second centuries. Their era provides context for the communities and authorities Marcion’s movement challenged.
Antitheses: A lost work by Marcion that contrasted the Hebrew scriptures with Christian teaching. Ancient reports describe it as a structured case for distinguishing the creator from Jesus’s Father.
Heresiology: The writing and classification of religious teachings as heresies by authors defending an accepted tradition. Much surviving knowledge of Marcionism comes from works that classified and refuted it as heresy.

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