Marcus Licinius Crassus

Marcus Licinius Crassus was a Roman politician and general, famed for his immense wealth. He was consul in 70 BCE and later joined Julius Caesar and Pompey in the First Triumvirate.

Julius Caesar: Julius Caesar was a Roman general and politician who became dictator before his assassination in 44 BCE. Crassus backed Caesar’s political rise and joined him in the First Triumvirate.
Battle of the Colline Gate: The Battle of the Colline Gate in 82 BCE secured Sulla’s control of Rome during the civil war. Crassus gained military distinction fighting for Sulla in the conflict that restored his fortunes.
Third Servile War: The Third Servile War was the Roman Republic’s large-scale slave revolt led by Spartacus from 73 to 71 BCE. Crassus received command against the revolt and won the decisive campaign.
Caesar's Civil War: Caesar’s Civil War was the conflict between Julius Caesar and the forces of the Roman Senate and Pompey, beginning in 49 BCE. After Crassus died, the alliance restraining Caesar and Pompey collapsed into open war.
Pompey: Pompey was a Roman general and statesman who dominated the late Republic before his defeat by Caesar. His alliance with Crassus helped form the First Triumvirate, despite their rivalry.
Sulla's proscriptions: Sulla’s proscriptions were lists of people declared enemies whose property could be confiscated and whose lives could be taken. Crassus’s fortune grew in part through property acquired during Sulla’s proscriptions.
Battle of the River Silarus: The Battle of the River Silarus was the final major battle of Spartacus’s revolt in 71 BCE. Crassus defeated Spartacus’s forces there, consolidating his military reputation.
Crossing the Rubicon: Crossing the Rubicon was Caesar’s 49 BCE decision to lead his army into Italy, defying the Senate’s order to disband it. The political breakdown following Crassus’s death forms part of the crisis that preceded Caesar’s crossing.
Cicero: Cicero was a Roman orator, statesman, and philosopher who opposed the concentration of power in the late Republic. Cicero’s speeches reveal the political conflicts in which Crassus operated.
Roman patronage: Roman patronage was a system of reciprocal obligations linking influential patrons with clients seeking protection and support. Crassus’s wealth financed relationships that could be converted into political backing.

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