Marine bioacoustics

Marine bioacoustics studies how marine organisms produce, transmit, and hear sound. It examines biological sound communication and the effects of sound in underwater environments.

Underwater sound: Sound waves that propagate through water, where speed and transmission differ from those in air. It provides the physical medium in which marine organisms produce and detect sound.
Passive acoustic monitoring: The use of sound recordings to detect and study animals or other acoustic events without transmitting sound. It applies bioacoustic principles to observe marine animals without actively insonifying them.
Animal communication: The transfer of information between animals through signals that alter the behavior of receivers. Marine acoustic signals are one channel within the broader study of animal communication.
Ocean noise: Unwanted or biologically irrelevant sound in the ocean, arising from natural and human sources. Its changing levels raise questions about how noise affects communication and behavior.
Marine acoustics: The study of sound in the sea, including its physical propagation, measurement, and technological uses. It includes physical and engineering questions beyond sound produced or heard by organisms.
Sound production in fish: The generation of sounds by fish through mechanisms such as vibrating muscles, stridulation, or movement of gas-filled organs. Fish demonstrate several distinct biological mechanisms for generating underwater signals.
Hydrophone: A transducer that converts underwater sound into an electrical signal for recording or measurement. Hydrophones provide the recordings used to study marine vocalizations and soundscapes.
Acoustic signal: A sound pattern produced or used to convey information or influence behavior. Signal properties help distinguish biological calls from incidental sounds.
Communication masking: The interference that background sound causes when an animal's signal is detected or interpreted by another animal. The extent of masking in real marine habitats remains difficult to measure.
Bioacoustics: The study of sound production, transmission, and reception by living organisms. Marine bioacoustics is its marine-focused branch.

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