Market anarchism

Market anarchism is a family of political theories proposing voluntary exchange without a state. Its traditions disagree over property rights, capitalism, and how production should be organized.

Anarchism: A political philosophy opposing hierarchical authority, especially the state, and advocating forms of voluntary association. Market anarchism is one strand of anarchist thought, defined by its approach to exchange.
Mutualism: An anarchist tradition advocating reciprocal exchange, cooperative association, and possession grounded in use. Mutualism is a market-anarchist tradition that challenges absentee ownership and wage dependence.
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon: A French political thinker whose writings helped establish modern anarchism and mutualism. His arguments for exchange and mutual credit became central to market-oriented anarchist thought.
Mutual credit: A system in which participants extend credit to one another through a shared accounting network. Mutualists propose it as a way to finance exchange without conventional banks or state money.
Monopoly: A market condition in which one seller controls nearly all supply of a good or service. Market anarchists disagree on whether competition alone can prevent durable private monopolies.
Free market: An economic system in which prices and production are shaped mainly by voluntary exchange rather than central direction. Market anarchists retain exchange through markets while rejecting state control.
Agorism: A political strategy centered on expanding voluntary, often unlicensed exchange to undermine state power. Agorists treat black and gray markets as practical tools against state control.
Josiah Warren: An American individualist anarchist who experimented with cooperative communities and labor-based exchange. His experiments offered an early model of market exchange without state authority.
Worker cooperative: A business owned and governed by the workers who operate it. Cooperatives offer a model of production that limits hierarchical ownership within market exchange.
Externality: A cost or benefit of an activity that falls on people outside its transaction. Pollution and other spillovers test how voluntary systems can address harms to nonparticipants.

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Individualist anarchismRelated: The tradition’s mutualist and market-oriented strands helped shape this later family of ideas.