Market capitalization

Market capitalization is the market value of a company’s outstanding shares, calculated by multiplying the current share price by the number of shares outstanding.

Outstanding shares: Shares a company has issued and that remain held by investors, excluding shares held as treasury stock. This is the share count multiplied by price in the standard calculation.
Large-cap: A classification for companies with relatively high market capitalizations. It is one size category derived directly from market capitalization.
Enterprise value: A measure of a company’s total value that adjusts equity value for debt, cash, and other claims. It adds financing obligations that market capitalization leaves out.
Share repurchase: A company’s purchase of its own shares from the market or shareholders. Repurchases can reduce shares outstanding and alter capitalization alongside the share price.
Equity market: The system in which ownership shares in companies are issued and traded. Market capitalization aggregates share prices within this broader trading system.
Share price: The price at which a share of stock trades or is valued in a market. Market capitalization changes as the quoted share price changes.
Small-cap: A classification for companies with relatively low market capitalizations. It marks the lower end of capitalization-based company groupings.
Book value: The value of a company’s assets minus its liabilities as recorded in its accounts. It is an accounting measure, unlike market capitalization’s share-price-based value.
Stock dilution: A reduction in existing shareholders’ ownership percentage when a company issues additional shares. New issuance increases the share count and can change per-share ownership measures.
Initial public offering: A company’s first sale of shares to public investors on a stock exchange or other public market. An offering establishes a public share price from which capitalization can be calculated.

Linked from 7 pages