Martín Vizcarra

Martín Vizcarra is a Peruvian politician who served as Peru’s president from 2018 to 2020, after serving as governor of Moquegua and ambassador to Canada.

2019 Peruvian constitutional crisis: A political confrontation in Peru that culminated in President Martín Vizcarra dissolving Congress in September 2019. Vizcarra’s dissolution of Congress was the defining escalation of his struggle with lawmakers.
Dissolution of Congress: The ending of a legislature’s term before its scheduled completion, sometimes followed by new elections. Vizcarra invoked this power in 2019 after declaring that Congress had denied his government a confidence vote.
Lava Jato: A major Brazilian-led investigation into corruption and money laundering involving companies and public officials across Latin America. Peru’s response to the scandal shaped Vizcarra’s anti-corruption agenda.
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski: A Peruvian economist and politician who served as president from 2016 until his resignation in 2018. Kuczynski’s resignation brought Vizcarra, then vice president, to the presidency.
2020 Peruvian political crisis: A period of political turmoil sparked by Congress’s removal of President Martín Vizcarra in November 2020. His removal triggered a rapid succession of interim presidents and mass protests.
Vote of confidence: A legislative vote on whether a government retains political support to continue governing. Peru’s rules linked repeated confidence denials to the president’s authority to dissolve Congress.
Odebrecht: A Brazilian construction company whose extensive bribery scheme implicated officials across Latin America. Odebrecht-related investigations formed a central backdrop to Vizcarra’s political conflict with Congress.
Vacancy of the presidency in Peru: A constitutional procedure allowing Peru’s Congress to declare the presidency vacant under specified grounds. Congress relied on this procedure to remove Vizcarra, though its use was politically contested.
2020 Peruvian protests: Mass demonstrations in Peru in November 2020 against Congress’s removal of President Martín Vizcarra. Protesters opposed the congressional action that ended his presidency.
Impeachment: A formal process by which a legislature brings charges that may lead to an official’s removal. Congress used a constitutional removal procedure twice against Vizcarra in 2020.

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