Mass flow rate

Mass flow rate is the mass of a substance crossing a specified surface per unit time. It is commonly measured in kilograms per second.

Continuity equation: A conservation equation relating fluid flow rates across sections of a flow system. It expresses how mass flow rate stays consistent through steady flow without sources or sinks.
Coriolis flow meter: A flow meter that measures mass flow from forces induced in vibrating tubes by moving fluid. It measures mass flow directly rather than inferring it from volume and density.
Molar flow rate: The amount of substance passing through a surface per unit time, measured in moles per second. It counts particles by amount of substance rather than by total mass.
Mass: A measure of the amount of matter in an object or system. Mass flow rate measures how quickly this conserved quantity crosses a boundary.
Volumetric flow rate: The volume of fluid passing through a surface per unit time. Multiplying it by fluid density gives mass flow rate for uniform-density flow.
Orifice plate: A plate with a calibrated opening that estimates flow from the pressure drop it creates. Its pressure-drop measurement supports calculation of mass flow through a pipe.
Mass concentration: The mass of a substance per unit volume of a mixture or solution. Density and concentration determine how mass-based and volume-based flow descriptions relate.
Time: The measured progression of events, used to describe duration and change. The rate is defined by dividing transported mass by elapsed time.
Mass flux: Mass flow rate per unit area, often measured in kilograms per square metre per second. It describes the local mass transport across an area before integrating over the surface.
Venturi effect: The pressure decrease that occurs as fluid speeds up through a constricted passage. The associated pressure difference can be used to infer flow rate.

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