Matthew the Apostle

Matthew is one of the twelve apostles named in the New Testament and is traditionally identified as the author of the Gospel of Matthew.

Gospel of Matthew: The first book of the New Testament, presenting Jesus’s life and teachings in a narrative shaped by Jewish scripture. Christian tradition associates this Gospel with Matthew, though its author is unnamed in the text.
Jesus: A Jewish teacher from Galilee whose life and execution gave rise to Christianity. Matthew is named among the followers Jesus called to become apostles.
Calling of Matthew: The Gospel episode in which Jesus calls a tax collector named Matthew to follow him. This scene supplies Matthew’s clearest personal appearance in the Gospel bearing his name.
Tetramorph: A symbolic grouping of four living creatures associated with the authors of the four Gospels. In Christian tradition, Matthew is represented by the human or angelic figure in this group.
Apostolic authorship: The attribution of early Christian writings to apostles or their associates. Matthew’s traditional authorship belongs to debates over how the Gospels acquired their names.
Twelve Apostles: The group of twelve disciples whom the New Testament presents as specially chosen by Jesus. Matthew’s identity as an apostle places him within this symbolic group.
Synoptic Gospels: The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which share substantial narrative material and structure. Matthew’s portrayal varies across these three related accounts of Jesus’s ministry.
Evangelist: A person who proclaims the Christian Gospel; the term also names the traditional authors of the four Gospels. Matthew is honored as one of the four Gospel evangelists.
Papias of Hierapolis: A second-century Christian bishop whose surviving fragments preserve early traditions about the Gospels. Papias is the earliest surviving source linking Matthew with a collection of Jesus’s sayings.
Levi (son of Alphaeus): A tax collector whom the Synoptic Gospels describe Jesus calling to follow him. Mark and Luke name the called tax collector Levi, while Matthew names him Matthew.

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