Medea

A tragedy by Euripides in which Medea takes revenge on Jason by killing their children. First performed in 431 BCE, it portrays the costs of betrayal, exile, and vengeance.

Jason: A Greek mythological hero who leads the Argonauts in the quest for the Golden Fleece. His decision to marry Creon’s daughter gives Medea the immediate cause for revenge.
Euripides: An ancient Greek tragedian whose surviving plays include Medea, The Bacchae, and Hippolytus. He gave the myth its surviving tragic form and a psychologically forceful Medea.
Seneca's Medea: A Roman tragedy by Seneca that dramatizes Medea’s revenge against Jason and the murder of their children. Seneca intensifies the heroine’s rhetoric and stages her violence differently from Euripides.
Greek law and citizenship: The rules and civic identities that shaped legal status and political participation in ancient Greek communities. Medea’s foreign origin and uncertain protection sharpen the play’s portrayal of vulnerability.
Medea's children: The sons of Medea and Jason, whose murder forms the tragedy’s central atrocity. Their deaths transform revenge against Jason into an act that destroys Medea’s own family.
Medea in Greek mythology: A sorceress and princess in Greek myth, associated with Jason, the Argonauts, and the Golden Fleece. Euripides adapts this wider mythic figure while making the killing of her children central.
Medea (2019 film): A film adaptation of Euripides’ tragedy directed by Alexandra Latishev. Its modern setting reframes the family conflict and the play’s social pressures.
Exile in ancient Greece: The forced or voluntary removal of a person from their home community in ancient Greece. Medea’s threatened banishment makes displacement a central pressure in the tragedy.
Creon of Corinth: The king of Corinth who orders Medea and her children into exile in Euripides’ tragedy. His decree creates the deadline Medea exploits to carry out her plan.
Argonautica: An epic poem by Apollonius of Rhodes recounting Jason’s voyage with the Argonauts to obtain the Golden Fleece. Its account of Jason and Medea’s earlier history illuminates the mythic background to the tragedy.

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