Medina

Medina is a city in western Saudi Arabia, known in early Islamic history as Yathrib. It became the center of Muhammad’s community after his migration there in 622 CE.

Yathrib: Yathrib was the pre-Islamic name of the oasis settlement later known as Medina. The name identifies the city before Muhammad’s migration in 622.
Ansar: The Ansar were residents of Medina who supported Muhammad and the Muslim emigrants from Mecca. Their support provided the newcomers with allies and a local base.
Rashidun Caliphate: The Rashidun Caliphate was the first caliphate, ruled by four successors of Muhammad from 632 to 661 CE. After Muhammad’s death, Medina served as the caliphate’s capital.
Mecca: Mecca is a city in western Saudi Arabia and the birthplace of Muhammad and Islam. Mecca was Muhammad’s earlier base and Medina his refuge and later political center.
Hijra: The Hijra is Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Yathrib in 622 CE, marking the start of the Islamic calendar. The migration transformed Medina into the base of Muhammad’s community.
Muhajirun: The Muhajirun were Muslims who migrated with Muhammad from Mecca to Medina. Their settlement reshaped the city’s emerging Muslim community.
Islamic calendar: The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar whose year count begins with the Hijra in 622 CE. Its epoch makes Medina’s migration a global chronological landmark.
Taif: Taif is a city in western Saudi Arabia, southeast of Mecca, with a history reaching into pre-Islamic Arabia. Like Medina, Taif was an Arabian city within the region of Muhammad’s early activity.
Muhammad: Muhammad was the religious and political leader whose preaching founded Islam in seventh-century Arabia. His arrival made Medina the center of the early Muslim community.
Ummah: The ummah is the community of Muslims, understood as a religious community extending beyond kinship or territory. Medina became an early center for defining the Muslim community.

Linked from 60 pages