Memory address

A value that identifies a location in a computer's memory address space. Programs and hardware use addresses to locate instructions and data.

Virtual address: An address used by a process within its virtual address space, translated before accessing physical memory. Most modern programs use these addresses rather than directly naming physical memory.
Byte: A unit of digital information consisting of eight bits in most modern computers. Memory is commonly organized and addressed in byte-sized units.
Virtual memory: A memory-management technique that gives processes virtual address spaces mapped onto physical storage. It lets programs use addresses independently of physical memory layout.
Memory location: A storage position in memory that can hold data or instructions. The address identifies the location but is not the stored contents themselves.
Physical address: An address that identifies a location in physical memory or on a memory bus. Address translation ultimately maps many virtual addresses to physical memory locations.
Binary number: A number represented using the digits zero and one. Digital hardware represents address values as binary numbers.
Address arithmetic: Arithmetic that computes addresses, often by adding offsets to a base address. Programs use offsets to locate array elements and fields.
Segmented memory: A memory organization that divides an address space into variable-sized segments. Segmented systems may interpret an address as a segment and an offset.
Memory management unit: Hardware that translates memory addresses and enforces access permissions. It translates virtual addresses and checks whether accesses are permitted.
Pointer (computer programming): A programming-language value that identifies an object or function in memory. Pointers store and manipulate addresses as program data.

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