Memory card

A memory card is a small removable data-storage device, usually based on flash memory. It stores digital files for use in cameras, phones, computers, and other electronics.

Flash memory: Nonvolatile electronic memory that stores data in cells without continuous power. Most modern memory cards use flash cells to retain files after removal.
Flash memory wear: The gradual loss of reliable data-writing capability as flash-memory cells undergo program-and-erase cycles. Repeated recording and deletion eventually wear down a card's memory cells.
Digital camera: An electronic camera that captures images as digital data rather than recording them on film. Cameras commonly use cards to store photographs and video clips.
USB flash drive: A portable flash-memory device with an integrated USB connector for direct connection to a computer. It offers removable flash storage through a USB plug rather than a card slot.
Secure Digital: A family of removable flash-memory card formats, including SD, miniSD, and microSD. SD is the most widely used memory-card family in cameras and portable electronics.
Wear leveling: A storage-management technique that distributes writes across flash-memory cells to extend device life. The card controller spreads repeated camera writes instead of exhausting the same cells.
Smartphone: A mobile phone with an advanced operating system, internet connectivity, and installable applications. Many phones accept microSD cards to expand local storage.
Solid-state drive: A storage device that uses solid-state memory and presents itself as a drive to a computer. An SSD usually provides higher capacity and speed but is less easily swapped like a card.
CompactFlash: A removable storage-card format introduced by SanDisk in 1994, used especially in older cameras. Its larger form factor and legacy camera support distinguish it from SD cards.
Flash memory controller: A processor that manages flash storage operations, including error correction, addressing, and wear leveling. A card's controller translates device requests into reliable flash-memory operations.

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