Memory cell

A circuit or physical element that stores one or more bits of information by maintaining a distinguishable state. Its implementation may be volatile or nonvolatile.

Static random-access memory: Semiconductor memory that stores each bit in a bistable circuit, typically using six transistors. Its transistor feedback preserves a bit while power remains on.
Bit: The basic unit of digital information, with two possible values, conventionally written 0 and 1. A cell’s capacity is measured by how many bits it stores.
Memory array: An organized collection of memory cells addressed as rows and columns. Arrays combine many cells into usable storage capacity.
Read-only memory: Nonvolatile semiconductor memory designed primarily for reading stored data rather than frequent rewriting. Its cells are often fixed or infrequently changed, unlike ordinary read-write storage.
Dynamic random-access memory: Semiconductor memory that stores each bit as charge in a capacitor controlled by a transistor. Its stored charge leaks, so cells require periodic refresh.
Bistable circuit: A circuit with two stable operating states that can represent binary values. Feedback between stable states lets some cells hold data continuously.
Static random-access memory cache: A small, fast computer memory built from static random-access memory cells. Its cells provide rapid access to frequently used data.
Nonvolatile memory: Memory that retains stored information when its power supply is removed. It names a retention property shared by several cell technologies.
Flash memory: Nonvolatile semiconductor memory that stores data as charge in insulated transistor structures. Its cell retains a programmed state without power.
MOSFET: A voltage-controlled transistor widely used to switch and amplify electronic signals. MOSFETs form the switching and storage structures of many semiconductor cells.

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