Menes

Menes is the traditionally recognized first king of Egypt, credited by ancient sources with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt and often identified with Narmer.

Narmer: An early Egyptian king commonly identified with Menes and associated with Egypt’s unification. The leading candidate for the historical ruler behind Menes.
Predynastic Egypt: The period of Egyptian history before the formation of the dynastic state. Menes’s traditional reign marks the transition from this era to dynastic rule.
Narmer Palette: A ceremonial slate palette bearing images and inscriptions associated with King Narmer. Its imagery is often read as evidence for the unification tradition attached to Menes.
First Dynasty of Egypt: The first ruling dynasty in the conventional chronology of ancient Egypt. Menes is traditionally placed at its beginning, though his identity remains uncertain.
Egyptian king lists: Ancient lists that record Egyptian rulers in dynastic sequence. They preserve Menes’s place at the beginning of Egypt’s royal chronology.
Upper Egypt: The southern region of ancient Egypt, centered on the Nile valley upstream from the delta. It was one of the two lands Menes was credited with uniting.
Naqada III: The final phase of Egypt’s Predynastic period, marked by growing political centralization. Its material culture provides context for the emergence of Egypt’s first kings.
Egyptian chronology: The system used to date and order events in ancient Egyptian history. Dating Menes depends on reconstructing a chronology from incomplete evidence.
Manetho: A third-century BCE Egyptian priest and historian who wrote a history of Egypt in Greek. His dynastic history helped establish Menes as Egypt’s first king.
Lower Egypt: The northern Nile Delta region of ancient Egypt. It was the northern counterpart to Upper Egypt in the unification tradition.

Linked from 2 pages