Metal oxide

A chemical compound in which oxygen is bonded to one or more metals. Metal oxides range from basic ionic solids to acidic or amphoteric compounds.

Oxidation state: A formal charge assigned to an atom in a compound under a set of electron-allocation rules. It predicts the ratios of metal and oxygen atoms in many oxide formulas.
Aluminium oxide: The compound Al₂O₃, a hard ceramic material and the principal oxide component of many alumina products. Its hardness and thermal stability make it useful in abrasives and refractory ceramics.
Redox reaction: A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons or changes in oxidation states. Many oxide-forming and oxide-consuming reactions transfer oxygen through redox chemistry.
Basic oxide: An oxide that reacts with acids to form salts, and often forms a base with water. Many strongly metallic oxides show this characteristic acid-neutralizing behavior.
Ionic bond: An electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, often formed by electron transfer. Many metal oxides are ionic lattices of metal cations and oxide anions.
Titanium dioxide: The compound TiO₂, a white solid used widely as a pigment and in photocatalytic applications. Its high refractive index gives paints and coatings strong whiteness and opacity.
Oxygen vacancy: A missing oxygen atom at a site where oxygen would normally occupy a crystal lattice. These defects can control an oxide’s conductivity, color, and catalytic activity.
Acidic oxide: An oxide that reacts with bases to form salts and may form an acid with water. Metal oxides with high oxidation states can behave more like acidic oxides than basic ones.
Oxide ion: The oxygen anion O²⁻, with two more electrons than a neutral oxygen atom. It is the oxygen-containing ion in common ionic metal oxides.
Iron oxide: Any of several compounds composed of iron and oxygen, including hematite and magnetite. Iron oxides are both major iron ores and widely used pigments.

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