Metaxism

Metaxism was the authoritarian nationalist ideology associated with Greek leader Ioannis Metaxas and his 4th of August regime (1936–1941). It combined anti-communism, royalism, social discipline, and claims of national renewal.

4th of August Regime: The authoritarian government established by Ioannis Metaxas in Greece from 1936 to 1941. It put Metaxist principles into force through dictatorship, censorship, and state-directed organization.
Greek political crisis of 1935–1936: A period of instability in Greece marked by military intervention, political division, and the restoration of the monarchy. The crisis weakened parliamentary government before Metaxas imposed dictatorship.
King George II of Greece: King of Greece from 1922 to 1924 and again from 1935 to 1947. His support enabled Metaxas to rule without abolishing the monarchy.
Greco-Italian War: The conflict between Greece and Fascist Italy from October 1940 to April 1941. Greece’s resistance to Italy became a defining episode during Metaxas’s rule.
Ioannis Metaxas: A Greek general and politician who ruled Greece as prime minister from 1936 until his death in 1941. He formulated and led the regime most closely identified with Metaxism.
Greek coup d'état of 1936: The establishment of Ioannis Metaxas’s authoritarian rule in Greece on 4 August 1936. It was the political rupture that gave Metaxism state power.
Theodoros Pangalos: A Greek general and politician who ruled as dictator from 1925 to 1926. His earlier dictatorship formed part of Greece’s experience with military-backed authoritarian government.
Ohi Day: A Greek national holiday commemorating Greece’s rejection of Italy’s ultimatum on 28 October 1940. The episode became a lasting symbol of national defiance associated with the regime’s final period.
National Youth Organisation: A state-sponsored youth organization established in Greece under the 4th of August Regime. It sought to educate young people in the regime’s nationalist and disciplined civic ideals.
National Schism: The deep political division in Greece between supporters of King Constantine I and Eleftherios Venizelos during and after World War I. Its royalist and Venizelist divisions shaped the political landscape inherited by Metaxas.

Linked from 1 page