Militarism

Militarism is the belief that a state should maintain strong armed forces and rely on military power in policy. It elevates military institutions, readiness, and values in public life.

Military-industrial complex: A network of relationships among a state’s armed forces, defense industries, and political institutions. Defense procurement can bind political influence and economic interests to sustained military expansion.
Prussian militarism: A political and social tradition that gave the Prussian military exceptional status and influence. Prussia became a prominent model of a state organized around military power.
Pacifism: The principled opposition to war and, in some forms, to the use of violence. Pacifism rejects militarism’s reliance on armed force as a policy instrument.
World War I: A global war fought from 1914 to 1918 among the Allied and Central Powers. Prewar arms competition and military planning contributed to a crisis that leaders struggled to contain.
Conscription: Compulsory enrollment of people into a state’s armed forces. Compulsory service can make military readiness a broad social obligation.
German militarism: The strong influence of military institutions and values in German political life, especially before 1945. Its development before the world wars made it a central subject of debates about militarism.
Diplomacy: The conduct of relations between states through negotiation, representation, and other peaceful means. Diplomacy offers tools for pursuing national aims without relying primarily on military power.
Imperialism: A policy or practice through which a state extends control over other peoples or territories. Military power often enabled imperial expansion and the coercion of subject populations.
Arms race: A competition in which states build up military capabilities in response to one another. Mutual threat perceptions can turn militarized policy into escalating competition.
Japanese militarism: The growing influence of the military in Japanese government and society, especially from the 1930s to 1945. Its wartime expansion illustrates how military influence can overtake civilian politics.

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