Millennium Development Goals

Eight international development goals adopted by United Nations member states in 2000, with targets set for achievement by 2015.

Millennium Declaration: A United Nations declaration adopted in 2000 that set shared commitments on development, peace, security, and human rights. Its commitments provided the political foundation for the goals.
Poverty reduction: Policies and actions intended to reduce the number of people living in poverty and its effects. The first goal made reducing extreme poverty and hunger a headline commitment.
Sustainable Development Goals: Seventeen United Nations goals adopted in 2015 to guide sustainable development through 2030. They succeeded the Millennium Development Goals with a broader, universal agenda.
Sustainable development: Development that meets present needs while safeguarding future generations' ability to meet theirs. The goals emphasized social and economic targets, while later agendas gave sustainability broader prominence.
United Nations Development Programme: A United Nations agency that supports countries in reducing poverty and advancing sustainable development. It coordinated reporting and national efforts around the goals.
Universal primary education: A policy objective ensuring that all children can complete a full course of primary schooling. A dedicated goal tracked access to primary schooling for all children.
Global health: The field concerned with improving health and achieving health equity across populations worldwide. The goals raised the profile of global health targets and measurement.
Human rights-based approach to development: A development framework that treats human rights standards and participation as obligations guiding policy. Critics contrasted measurable targets with an approach grounded in rights and accountability.
Official development assistance: Government aid provided to developing countries under criteria established by the OECD Development Assistance Committee. Aid commitments were a central means of supporting progress toward the targets.
Gender equality: The condition in which people of all genders have equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities. The goals targeted gender disparities in education, employment, and political representation.

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