Milton Keynes

Milton Keynes is a planned city in Buckinghamshire, England, designated as a new town in 1967. Its design combines a grid of major roads with parks and distinct districts.

Grid road: A major road arranged as part of a network of intersecting routes, often separating urban districts. Milton Keynes uses a hierarchy of grid roads to connect districts while keeping local streets quieter.
New town: A planned settlement built to accommodate population growth or relieve pressure on existing cities. Milton Keynes belongs to Britain's postwar program of new-town development.
Milton Keynes grid road system: The network of major roads laid out on a broad grid across Milton Keynes. Its spacing and hierarchy let traffic cross the city while districts developed between routes.
Car dependency: A condition in which daily activities depend heavily on private motor vehicles because alternatives are limited or inconvenient. Milton Keynes's road layout and dispersed destinations have made car dependence a persistent point of discussion.
Roundabout: A circular junction where traffic moves around a central island before taking an exit. Roundabouts help the city's grid roads handle intersections without conventional traffic signals.
New Towns Act 1946: A British law that enabled the designation and development of new towns after the Second World War. This legislation created the framework used to designate Milton Keynes two decades later.
Milton Keynes urban form: The spatial arrangement of roads, neighborhoods, buildings, and open land in Milton Keynes. The urban form balances a regular transport framework with varied development within each grid square.
Urban sprawl: The outward spread of low-density urban development across previously rural land. Milton Keynes's planned expansion is often compared with sprawl, though its growth followed a coordinated framework.
Redway: A network of shared-use paths for walking and cycling in Milton Keynes. Redways provide routes through parks and between neighborhoods, separate from many roads.
London overspill: The movement of people and employment from London into surrounding areas to ease pressure on the capital. Milton Keynes was planned partly to house people and jobs displaced from overcrowded London.

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