Mir

Mir was a modular space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001. Its long-duration missions and international visits made it a major predecessor to the International Space Station.

Salyut 7: A Soviet space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1982 to 1991. Mir inherited experience from Salyut 7, including station operations and long-duration flight.
Salyut program: The Soviet program of space stations launched under the Salyut name from 1971 to 1986. Mir extended the station-building experience developed across the Salyut program.
Valeri Polyakov: A Russian physician-cosmonaut who spent 437 consecutive days in space aboard Mir from 1994 to 1995. His mission set the record for the longest single continuous human spaceflight.
Shuttle–Mir program: A 1990s U.S.–Russian partnership involving Space Shuttle visits to Mir and long-duration astronaut stays. It brought American astronauts to Mir and built operational experience for the ISS.
International Space Station: A multinational modular space station continuously occupied in low Earth orbit since 2000. Its partnership and operations drew on experience gained through Mir and Shuttle–Mir.
Kvant-1: The first research module added to Mir, launched in 1987 for astrophysics and biomedical experiments. Its attachment demonstrated how Mir expanded beyond its core living module.
DOS-7: The Soviet space-station core module that became Mir’s first orbital element. DOS-7 was the foundation launched to begin Mir’s assembly.
Sergei Krikalev: A Soviet and Russian cosmonaut who served on Mir and later became the first commander of the International Space Station. His career links Mir’s era of international missions to the station that followed.
NASA-Mir program: A NASA–Russian Space Agency partnership that sent U.S. astronauts to live and work aboard Mir. It provided extended U.S. experience with Russian station systems and procedures.
Mir deorbit: The controlled atmospheric reentry of Mir in March 2001, ending the station’s mission. Its planned disposal marked the end of a fifteen-year orbital life.

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