Mongol-Tatar yoke

The period of Mongol political domination and tribute demands over the Rus’ principalities, conventionally dated from the 13th to the 15th century. Rus’ rulers retained local authority under the khans’ overlordship.

Golden Horde: A Mongol state that ruled the western Eurasian steppe and exercised authority over many Rus’ principalities. Its khans demanded tribute and asserted overlordship over Rus’ princes.
Mongol Empire: A vast empire founded by Genghis Khan in the early 13th century and expanded across Eurasia. Its western campaigns brought Mongol armies into the Rus’ principalities.
Alexander Nevsky: A 13th-century prince of Novgorod and Vladimir who negotiated with the Mongol khans. His accommodation with the Horde helped preserve his authority in northeastern Rus’.
Rise of Moscow: The growth of Moscow into the dominant political center among the northeastern Rus’ principalities. Moscow’s princes gained influence partly through their role in collecting Horde tribute.
Pax Mongolica: A period of relative stability and connected trade across much of Mongol-ruled Eurasia. It describes wider imperial conditions, rather than the tribute relationship in Rus’.
Baskak: A Mongol official responsible for administration and tribute collection in conquered territories. Baskaks helped enforce Mongol demands within parts of the Rus’ lands.
Genghis Khan: The founder and first great khan of the Mongol Empire. The imperial expansion he initiated created the forces that later invaded Rus’.
Dmitry Donskoy: The grand prince of Moscow who led a Rus’ coalition against the Horde at Kulikovo in 1380. His victory challenged Horde power without immediately ending its overlordship.
Grand Duchy of Moscow: A medieval state centered on Moscow that expanded across northeastern Rus’. Its rulers turned accumulated authority under the Horde into territorial sovereignty.
Mongol Empire in China: Mongol rule over China under the Yuan dynasty, founded by Kublai Khan. Unlike Rus’ overlordship, Mongol authority in China became a dynastic government.

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Vasily I of MoscowCompared with: Vasily expanded Moscow while still operating within the political order this term describes.