Monnet Plan

France's 1946–1952 economic modernization program, directed by Jean Monnet, setting investment priorities for coal, steel, electricity and machinery.

Commissariat général du Plan: The French government planning agency created in 1946 to set and coordinate investment priorities. The administrative machine that actually ran the plan.
Jean Monnet: French economic planner and diplomat, 1888–1979, architect of both the Plan and European integration. He designed the plan and headed its implementing agency until 1952.
Schuman Declaration: Robert Schuman's 9 May 1950 proposal to pool French and German coal and steel under a common authority. Monnet drew the proposal from the plan's insight that coal and steel had to be managed internationally.
Étienne Hirsch: French engineer and Monnet's deputy, later Commissaire général of the second and third plans. Ran the day-to-day work of the planning commissions.
Coal nationalization France: The 1946 state company unifying French coal mining production and investment. Coal was the plan's first priority and the binding constraint on recovery.
Modernization commissions: Sector committees of officials, industrialists and unionists that negotiated output targets and investment needs. The bottom-up method by which each sector's targets were set.
London International Committee: The 1940 agreement by which Monnet secured British and US supply orders for the Free French. Monnet's wartime supply coordination shaped his planning method.
European Coal and Steel Community: The 1952 six-nation organization pooling coal and steel production under a common High Authority. The institutional sequel to the plan's coal and steel priorities.
Robert Schuman: French foreign minister who presented the 1950 coal and steel pooling proposal. His ministry carried the plan's coal-and-steel logic into European policy.
Électricité de France: The state utility created in 1946 to run and electrify France's power system. The plan's electricity targets drove a massive dam and grid building program.

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Britain and the Marshall PlanCompared with: France used the same funds to plan modernization; Britain used them to defend sterling.