Moro National Liberation Front

The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) is a separatist organization founded in the southern Philippines in 1972. It fought for Moro self-determination and later pursued autonomy through negotiations with the Philippine government.

Nur Misuari: A Filipino political leader who founded the MNLF and led it through its early campaigns and negotiations. He founded the MNLF and became its principal leader during its formative years.
Moro conflict: A prolonged conflict in the southern Philippines involving Moro separatist movements and the Philippine state. The MNLF became one of the conflict's principal armed and political actors.
Moro Islamic Liberation Front: A Moro separatist movement formed in the late 1970s after breaking from the MNLF, later pursuing peace negotiations with the Philippine government. Its separate leadership and negotiations produced a distinct path from the MNLF's peace settlement.
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao: An autonomous region in the southern Philippines established in 2019 under the Bangsamoro Organic Law. Its creation followed a later peace process but also renewed debates about the MNLF's role and earlier commitments.
Jabidah massacre: An alleged 1968 killing of Muslim Filipino recruits on Corregidor Island that became a rallying point for Moro activism. The killings intensified political grievances that helped shape the movement's emergence.
Tripoli Agreement: A 1976 agreement between the Philippine government and the MNLF that set out an autonomy framework for 13 provinces and cities. It marked a major negotiated attempt to address the MNLF's demands for regional autonomy.
Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters: An armed group formed in 2010 by former MILF commander Ameril Umbra Kato, opposing the MILF's peace process with the Philippine government. Its rejection of negotiated settlements contrasts with the MNLF's later participation in autonomy arrangements.
Southern Philippines Council for Peace and Development: A transitional body created under the 1996 peace agreement to coordinate development and peace initiatives in designated areas of Mindanao. The agreement gave the MNLF a role in this transitional institution.
Moro people: A collective name for Muslim ethnolinguistic groups indigenous to the southern Philippines. The MNLF claims to represent these communities' political interests and self-determination.
1987 Philippine Constitution: The constitution adopted after the fall of Ferdinand Marcos, providing for autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the Cordilleras. Its autonomy provisions became part of the framework for later government negotiations with the MNLF.

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