Moro people

The Moro people are predominantly Muslim ethnolinguistic groups of the southern Philippines, including the Maranao, Maguindanaon, and Tausug. Their shared identity developed through Islamic traditions and resistance to Spanish and later Philippine rule.

Maranao people: An ethnolinguistic group centered around Lake Lanao in Mindanao, predominantly Muslim and known for the Darangen epic. The Maranao are one of the largest groups included in the collective Moro identity.
Sultanate of Sulu: A Muslim state founded in the Sulu Archipelago in the fifteenth century, influential in regional trade and politics. Its rulers and communities helped establish enduring forms of Moro political authority.
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao: An autonomous region in the southern Philippines established in 2019, with a regional government led by Bangsamoro institutions. It is the present institutional form of Moro self-government within the Philippine state.
Lumad: A collective name for Indigenous peoples of Mindanao who are generally distinct from Muslim Moro and Christian settler communities. Lumad identity distinguishes many Indigenous Mindanao communities from the Moro groups discussed here.
Moro (term): A label used for Muslim peoples of the southern Philippines, derived from the Spanish word for the Moors of North Africa. Its colonial origins contrast with its later adoption as a collective self-designation.
Maguindanaon people: An ethnolinguistic group of central Mindanao whose language belongs to the Danao branch of the Philippine languages. The Maguindanaon are one of the principal groups named under the Moro collective.
Sultanate of Maguindanao: A Muslim sultanate in Mindanao that became a major regional power from the sixteenth century onward. It illustrates the organized state traditions that preceded Spanish control in much of the south.
Bangsamoro Organic Law: The 2018 Philippine law that established the legal framework for the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. The law translated peace-agreement commitments into an autonomous political structure.
Christianization of the Philippines: The spread of Christianity in the Philippines, especially through Spanish Catholic missions and colonial institutions. Christian communities formed a contrasting religious landscape alongside Muslim societies in the south.
Darangen: An extensive Maranao oral epic cycle recounting ancestral stories, customs, and values. The epic preserves cultural traditions within one of the communities included under the Moro name.

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