Motion sickness

Motion sickness is a set of symptoms, including nausea and dizziness, triggered when signals about movement from the eyes, inner ears, and body disagree.

Sensory conflict theory: A model explaining motion sickness as a mismatch among expected and incoming signals about movement. It accounts for symptoms when vision and inner-ear motion cues disagree.
Scopolamine: An antimuscarinic drug used to prevent nausea and vomiting, including motion sickness. It can prevent symptoms when taken before a predictable journey.
James J. Gibson: An American psychologist who developed ecological approaches to visual perception. His work on perception and movement influenced accounts of visually induced sickness.
Vertigo: A false sensation that oneself or the surroundings are spinning or moving. Vertigo can occur with motion sickness but also arises from vestibular disorders.
Vestibular system: The inner-ear and brain system that senses head movement, orientation, and balance. Its motion signals can conflict with what the eyes report during travel.
Dimenhydrinate: An antihistamine medicine used to prevent or treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. It is a common medication option, though drowsiness can limit its use.
J. T. Reason: A British psychologist known for research on human error and sensory conflict in motion sickness. He developed a detailed sensory-conflict explanation of motion sickness.
Mal de débarquement syndrome: Persistent rocking or swaying perceived after disembarking from a moving vessel or other transport. It follows travel but persists as a distinct syndrome after motion stops.
Optokinetic response: A reflexive eye movement that tracks a moving visual scene to stabilize vision. A passing landscape can drive eye movements that contribute to symptoms.
Habituation: A reduction in response after repeated exposure to a stimulus. Repeated, controlled exposure can reduce susceptibility to specific motion patterns.

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