Mountain range

A mountain range is a connected chain or group of mountains linked by shared geological structures or processes. Its peaks and valleys form a recognizable regional landform.

Plate tectonics: The theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into moving plates whose interactions shape the planet's surface. Converging and colliding plates build many of the world's major ranges.
Mountain: A prominent natural elevation of Earth's surface, rising substantially above its surroundings. Individual mountains are the landforms grouped into a range.
Orographic precipitation: Precipitation produced when moist air rises, cools, and condenses as it crosses elevated terrain. Mountain barriers make rainfall and snowfall vary sharply across a range.
Himalayas: A high Asian mountain system formed by the ongoing collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. The Himalayas exemplify a vast range built by continental collision.
Orogeny: The geological processes through which mountain belts form, especially deformation and uplift of Earth's crust. Orogeny describes the mountain-building episodes that produce ranges.
Mountain belt: An extensive region of deformed and uplifted crust containing one or more mountain ranges. A belt can encompass several ranges and intervening basins, making it broader than a single range.
Rain shadow: A relatively dry region on the downwind side of a mountain barrier. Ranges can block moist air and create dry climates beyond their slopes.
Andes: A long mountain system along western South America, associated with subduction beneath the continent. The Andes illustrate mountain building along a continental margin.
Continental collision: The convergence of two continental plates, which compresses and thickens crust. Collision raises broad, high ranges such as the Himalaya.
Mountain pass: A low route through a mountain ridge or range. Passes are gaps that connect valleys across otherwise elevated terrain.

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