Musical note

A musical note is a sound event perceived as having pitch and duration, often serving a defined role in a musical phrase or score.

Pitch (music): The perceived highness or lowness of a musical sound, closely related to its fundamental frequency. Pitch is the dimension that lets a note occupy a recognizable musical position.
Fundamental frequency: The lowest frequency in a periodic sound and the principal determinant of its perceived pitch. It commonly anchors the pitch assigned to a musical note.
Musical instrument: A device or object used to produce musical sound. Instruments create notes through distinct sound-producing mechanisms.
Unpitched percussion: Percussion instruments whose sounds lack a stable, clearly perceived pitch. These sounds can have musical duration and function without a definite note pitch.
Musical duration: The length of time a musical sound or silence lasts. Duration distinguishes a brief note from a sustained one.
Harmonic series (music): The sequence of frequencies at integer multiples of a periodic sound’s fundamental frequency. Its overtones help give pitched notes their characteristic tone color.
MIDI: A technical standard for exchanging musical performance data between electronic instruments and software. MIDI encodes note-on events, pitches, velocities, and durations.
Noise (sound): Sound with irregular or broadly distributed frequency content, rather than a clear periodic pitch. Noise lacks the stable pitch that typically defines a musical note.
Musical rhythm: The organization of sounds and silences in time, including patterns of accent and duration. Rhythm arises from how note durations and onsets relate across a passage.
Auditory perception: The processes by which the auditory system organizes and interprets sound. A note is a perceptual event, not merely a frequency measurement.

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