Muslims

Muslims are people who follow Islam, a monotheistic religion grounded in the Qur’an and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. They encompass diverse communities, traditions, and interpretations worldwide.

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Islam: A monotheistic religion centered on worship of God and the Qur’an, with Muhammad as its prophet. Muslims are the people who follow this religious tradition.
Sunni Islam: The largest branch of Islam, whose traditions recognize the early caliphs as legitimate successors to Muhammad. Most Muslims belong to this broad branch, which contains diverse legal and theological schools.
Muhammad: The religious and political leader regarded by Muslims as the final prophet of God. His teachings and leadership are central to Islam’s beginnings.
Ramadan: The ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by many Muslims with fasting and intensified worship. Its shared observance is a prominent expression of Muslim devotion and community.
Qur’an: Islam’s sacred scripture, understood by Muslims as God’s revelation to Muhammad. Its teachings are a foundational source for Muslim belief and practice.
Shia Islam: A major branch of Islam that holds Ali and his descendants to have rightful spiritual leadership after Muhammad. Shia Muslims form a major community with distinctive histories and religious authorities.
First Fitna: The first major civil war in the early Muslim community, fought from 656 to 661. Its succession disputes helped shape divisions that later distinguished Sunni and Shia histories.
Eid al-Fitr: The Islamic festival marking the end of Ramadan, celebrated with prayer and communal festivities. It brings Muslim communities together at the close of the fasting month.
Five Pillars of Islam: Five central acts of worship in Sunni Islam: profession of faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage. These practices give a widely recognized framework for Muslim religious life.
Sufism: A range of Islamic traditions emphasizing spiritual discipline, remembrance of God, and inner transformation. Many Muslims practice forms of Sufism alongside their other religious commitments.