Knowra Myanmar civil war Myanmar civil war An armed conflict between Myanmar’s central authorities and multiple ethnic and political forces, rooted in disputes over state power and autonomy and sharply intensified by the 2021 military coup.
Tatmadaw : Myanmar’s armed forces, which seized power in the 2021 coup and became the conflict’s principal state military actor. Its coup and subsequent campaigns turned a long-running insurgency into a nationwide war.
Myanmar's internal conflict : A protracted series of armed struggles over political authority, ethnic autonomy, and territorial control in Myanmar since independence. The present war grows from conflicts that began long before the 2021 coup.
Min Aung Hlaing : Myanmar military commander who led the 2021 coup and heads the military authorities that seized power. His leadership places him at the center of the junta’s war strategy and political claims.
Myanmar refugee crisis : The displacement of people from Myanmar across borders, especially into neighboring countries, by conflict and persecution. Intensified fighting has driven civilians from their homes and across national borders.
People's Defence Force : Armed resistance groups formed after the 2021 coup, many operating under the National Unity Government’s political direction. These groups expanded anti-junta fighting beyond established ethnic armed organizations.
Panglong Agreement : A 1947 agreement between Aung San and leaders from several frontier areas, promising cooperation and a degree of autonomy. Its limited implementation left enduring disputes over federalism and ethnic self-rule.
Aung San Suu Kyi : Myanmar politician and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who led the National League for Democracy government before the 2021 coup. Her detention and her party’s removal from power shaped opposition to military rule.
Internally displaced persons in Myanmar : People forced to leave their homes by violence or disaster while remaining within Myanmar. Airstrikes, ground offensives, and local fighting have repeatedly displaced communities inside the country.
Ethnic armed organizations in Myanmar : Organizations that maintain armed forces and pursue political goals, often including autonomy, for Myanmar’s ethnic communities. Their territories, alliances, and military capabilities shape fronts across the conflict.
Myanmar independence : The end of British colonial rule and establishment of an independent Burmese state on 4 January 1948. Insurgencies began soon after independence as the new state struggled to accommodate armed political movements.
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