Na-Dene languages

Na-Dene is a language family of northwestern North America comprising Athabaskan languages, Eyak, and Tlingit. Older classifications sometimes included Haida, whose membership remains disputed.

Athabaskan languages: A large group of Indigenous languages spoken across western North America, including Navajo and languages of Alaska and Canada. They form the largest branch of Na-Dene.
Na-Dene verb template: A structured arrangement of prefixes and a verb stem characteristic of Na-Dene verbal morphology. Its complex prefix ordering is a prominent shared feature across the family.
Proto-Na-Dene: The hypothetical reconstructed ancestor of the languages classified as Na-Dene. Comparative reconstruction seeks to identify features inherited by the family's branches.
Navajo language: A widely spoken Southern Athabaskan language of the southwestern United States. Navajo shows the family's geographic reach far beyond its northwestern center.
Eskimo–Aleut languages: A language family of Arctic regions, including Inuit, Yupik, and Aleut languages. It is a separate northern North American family, despite geographic proximity to Na-Dene.
Eyak language: An extinct Indigenous language of south-central Alaska and a distinct branch of Na-Dene. Eyak is the family's small, separate branch between Athabaskan and Tlingit in classification.
Na-Dene languages phonology: The sound systems and historical sound patterns found across Na-Dene languages. Regular sound correspondences help linguists compare branches and reconstruct shared history.
Na-Dene languages homeland: The proposed ancestral region from which early Na-Dene-speaking populations spread. Linguistic geography informs hypotheses about the family's northwestern North American beginnings.
Dene languages: The Athabaskan languages spoken by Indigenous peoples across Alaska and northern Canada. These languages illustrate Na-Dene's northern distribution and diverse communities.
Algic languages: A language family including Algonquian, Wiyot, and Yurok languages of North America. Its independent classification contrasts with proposals that group languages by broad regional patterns.

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Indigenous languages of the AmericasRelated: Its deeper relationship to languages in Siberia has been proposed but remains debated.