Nabopolassar

Nabopolassar founded the Neo-Babylonian Empire and ruled Babylonia from 626 to 605 BCE. He allied with the Medes to overthrow Assyrian power.

Neo-Babylonian Empire: A Mesopotamian empire ruled by Babylonian kings from the fall of Assyria until Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon in 539 BCE. Nabopolassar founded this empire through his revolt and subsequent rule.
Battle of Carchemish: A 605 BCE battle in which Babylonian forces defeated Egypt’s army near Carchemish in northern Syria. Nabopolassar’s son fought this battle as his reign ended, securing Babylonian control in the west.
Cyaxares: A king of Media traditionally credited with organizing the Median state and fighting the Assyrians. He was Nabopolassar’s ally in the campaign against Assyria.
Babylonian Chronicles: A collection of Akkadian cuneiform records describing Babylonian political and military events. These records provide a year-by-year account of Nabopolassar’s campaigns.
Babylonia: An ancient Mesopotamian region centered on the city of Babylon. It was the kingdom Nabopolassar ruled before and during the empire’s expansion.
Battle of Nineveh: The 612 BCE campaign in which Babylonian and Median forces captured the Assyrian capital Nineveh. Nabopolassar led the Babylonian side of the coalition that destroyed Assyria’s capital.
Assur-uballit II: The last Assyrian king, who continued resisting Babylonian and Median forces after Nineveh fell. His resistance prolonged the war Nabopolassar began against Assyrian rule.
Nabopolassar Chronicle: A Babylonian chronicle tablet recording events from Nabopolassar’s reign and the fall of Assyria. It is a principal surviving narrative source for his military campaigns.
Assyrian Empire: A Mesopotamian empire that dominated the Near East before its collapse in the late seventh century BCE. Nabopolassar’s rebellion helped bring this empire to an end.
Nabû-apla-usur: The Akkadian form of Nabopolassar’s name, meaning “Nabû, protect the heir.” This is the king’s name in its native-language form.

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