Nam Việt

Nam Việt was an ancient kingdom founded in the third century BCE across parts of present-day southern China and northern Vietnam. Its rulers combined Qin-derived institutions with regional traditions.

Qin dynasty: The first imperial dynasty of China, which unified the Warring States in 221 BCE and fell in 206 BCE. Qin expansion into the south created the military and administrative setting for Nam Việt.
Nanyue King Wen's Mausoleum: The tomb of the second Nam Việt ruler, excavated in Guangzhou with a rich assemblage of burial objects. Its inscriptions and artifacts provide direct evidence for royal status and court practices.
Han conquest of Nanyue: The Han military campaign that annexed Nam Việt in 111 BCE during Emperor Wu’s reign. The conquest ended the kingdom and reorganized its territory as Han commanderies.
Zhao Mo: The second ruler of Nam Việt, who reigned in the second century BCE and was buried in Guangzhou. His tomb supplies the kingdom’s most detailed surviving evidence of royal life.
Zhao Tuo: A Qin general who founded Nam Việt and ruled as its first king. His break from Qin authority turned southern commanderies into an independent kingdom.
Han dynasty: A Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 206 BCE to 220 CE, with an interruption by the Xin dynasty. Nam Việt negotiated its status and traded with the Han while maintaining substantial autonomy.
Jiaozhou: A Han-era administrative region established in the far south of the empire, encompassing areas of present-day Vietnam and southern China. Its creation followed the incorporation of Nam Việt’s southern territories into Han rule.
King of Nanyue's jade burial suit: A burial garment made from jade plaques and silk thread, recovered from Zhao Mo’s tomb. Its construction shows how the Nam Việt court adapted elite burial customs.
Qin conquest of the Baiyue: The Qin campaigns that brought territories of southern China inhabited by Baiyue peoples under imperial control. The conquest supplied Nam Việt with much of its territory and population.
Emperor Wu of Han: The seventh emperor of the Han dynasty, whose reign lasted from 141 to 87 BCE. His expansionist policy ended Nam Việt’s independence in 111 BCE.

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