Naropa

Naropa was an Indian Buddhist mahāsiddha and teacher associated with Vikramaśīla monastery. Tibetan traditions remember him as a principal teacher of Marpa Lotsawa and a source of the Six Dharmas of Naropa.

Tilopa: An Indian Buddhist mahāsiddha regarded in Tibetan traditions as Naropa’s principal teacher. Naropa’s accounts describe a demanding teacher-student relationship with Tilopa.
Mahāsiddha: A tantric Buddhist or Hindu adept renowned for spiritual accomplishment and unconventional conduct. Naropa belongs to the Indian siddha tradition remembered through such figures.
Six Dharmas of Naropa: A group of advanced Tibetan Buddhist completion-stage practices associated with Naropa. These teachings are the best-known practice system linked to his name.
Pāla Empire: A Buddhist-influenced dynasty that ruled much of eastern India from the eighth to the twelfth century. Naropa’s lifetime is generally placed within the Pāla-era flourishing of Buddhism.
Monastic Buddhism: Buddhist traditions organized around ordained communities, monastic discipline, study, and ritual. Naropa’s remembered identity combines monastery-based scholarship with tantric attainment.
Marpa Lotsawa: An eleventh-century Tibetan translator who traveled to India and transmitted tantric teachings to Tibet. Naropa became Marpa’s teacher and a central link in his lineage.
Vajrayana: A form of Buddhism using tantric methods, initiations, and esoteric ritual practices. Naropa’s teachings are chiefly situated within this Buddhist tradition.
Tummo: A tantric completion-stage practice involving inner heat and subtle-body visualization. It is commonly treated as the first of the Six Dharmas.
Bengal: A historical region of northeastern South Asia encompassing parts of present-day Bangladesh and India. Traditional accounts place Naropa’s birth in the Bengal region.
Nāgārjuna: A major Indian Buddhist philosopher associated with the Madhyamaka school and the doctrine of emptiness. Nāgārjuna exemplifies philosophical authority, unlike Naropa’s chiefly tantric lineage reputation.

Linked from 11 pages