Nectanebo II

Nectanebo II was the last native Egyptian pharaoh, ruling from about 360 to 343 BCE before the Achaemenid Persian reconquest ended his dynasty.

Nectanebo I: Nectanebo I was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Thirtieth Dynasty who ruled from about 380 to 362 BCE. His reign established the dynasty that Nectanebo II inherited.
Artaxerxes III: Artaxerxes III was an Achaemenid king who reconquered Egypt in 343 BCE. His invasion brought Nectanebo II’s reign to an end.
Second Persian Period of Egypt: The Second Persian Period was the era of Achaemenid rule in Egypt after its reconquest in 343 BCE. It began immediately after Nectanebo’s defeat.
Nectanebo II naos: A naos is an ancient Egyptian shrine housing a deity’s cult image; examples bearing Nectanebo II’s name survive. These shrines attest to royal religious patronage during his reign.
Teos: Teos was a pharaoh of Egypt’s Thirtieth Dynasty who ruled briefly before Nectanebo II. Teos’s unpopular campaign in the Levant helped Nectanebo take the throne.
Pharnabazus: Pharnabazus was a Persian satrap and military commander involved in campaigns against Egypt. He helped organize the Persian effort to retake Egypt.
Alexander the Great: Alexander the Great was a Macedonian king who conquered the Achaemenid Empire, including Egypt, in 332 BCE. His conquest ended the Persian regime that had displaced Nectanebo.
Temple of Isis at Philae: The Temple of Isis at Philae was a major Egyptian sanctuary whose construction and decoration continued across several dynasties. Nectanebo II contributed to the sanctuary’s early monumental development.
Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt: The Thirtieth Dynasty was the last native Egyptian royal dynasty before the Second Persian Period. Nectanebo II was its final ruler.
Mentor of Rhodes: Mentor of Rhodes was a Greek mercenary commander who served Persian rulers and fought in Egypt. His military and diplomatic role strengthened the Persian reconquest.

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Thirty-first Dynasty of EgyptRelated: His overthrow created the opening for Persian rule.