Nestor Makhno

Nestor Makhno (1888–1934) was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and military commander who led the Makhnovist movement during the Russian Civil War.

Symon Petliura: A Ukrainian nationalist politician and military leader who headed the Ukrainian People’s Republic during the independence struggle. Petliura’s forces fought Makhno’s insurgents amid competing claims to authority in Ukraine.
Makhnovshchina: The Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary movement led by Nestor Makhno during the Russian Civil War. This movement was the political and social base of Makhno’s military leadership.
Huliaipole: A town in southeastern Ukraine that became the home base of Makhno and the Makhnovist movement. Makhno’s local roots and the insurgency’s early support were centered there.
White movement: A loose coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces that fought the Reds in the Russian Civil War. Makhno’s insurgents fought White armies, especially Denikin’s forces in southern Ukraine.
Pavlo Dybenko: A Bolshevik military commander and Soviet politician who served in the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Dybenko negotiated and fought with Makhnovist forces during their shifting alliance with the Bolsheviks.
Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine: The anarchist armed force associated with Makhno and the Makhnovist movement. Its organization and campaigns show how Makhno exercised military command.
1905 Russian Revolution: A wave of strikes, mutinies, and protests that challenged the Russian Empire in 1905. Makhno entered revolutionary politics during the upheaval and its aftermath.
Red Army: The armed forces of the Soviet state, organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War. The Red Army alternated between military alliance and armed conflict with Makhno’s forces.
Leon Trotsky: A Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet leader who organized the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Trotsky’s command opposed Makhnovist autonomy and later ordered its suppression.
Free Territory: A name for areas of southeastern Ukraine where Makhnovist forces held power and promoted local self-government. These territories were the setting for attempts to put Makhnovist political ideas into practice.

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