Knowra Neurodiversity Neurodiversity Neurodiversity is the natural variation in how human brains develop, process information, communicate, and experience the world. The term also names a framework that treats neurological differences as part of human diversity rather than defects alone.
Neurodivergence : Neurodivergence describes patterns of cognition or behavior that differ from dominant social expectations of typical development. It names the individual differences considered within the broader idea of neurodiversity.
Universal design : Universal design creates environments and products usable by people with a wide range of abilities and needs. Flexible design can accommodate cognitive and sensory differences without requiring individual exceptions.
Medical model of disability : The medical model understands disability chiefly through an individual's impairment, diagnosis, or need for treatment. It contrasts with approaches that emphasize social barriers and neurological variation.
Judy Singer : Judy Singer is an Australian sociologist who helped develop and popularize the term “neurodiversity.” Her late-1990s writing connected neurological variation with a social-movement framework.
Autism spectrum : The autism spectrum encompasses diverse developmental profiles involving social communication differences and restricted or repetitive patterns. Autism is a central case in debates about difference, disability, and support.
Social model of disability : The social model locates disability in barriers created by society rather than solely in an individual's impairment. It helps explain why access barriers, not only neurological traits, shape disability.
Universal Design for Learning : Universal Design for Learning is an educational framework offering varied ways to engage, learn, and demonstrate knowledge. It applies inclusive design principles specifically to teaching and assessment.
Neurodiversity paradigm : The neurodiversity paradigm is a framework that treats neurological differences as natural forms of human variation. It is the specific social and ethical framework associated with the broader concept.
Autism rights movement : The autism rights movement advocates acceptance, autonomy, and rights for autistic people. It provided an early organizing context for neurodiversity as a political idea.
Intellectual disability : Intellectual disability involves significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior beginning during development. Its inclusion raises questions about whether a diversity framework adequately represents people with high support needs.
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