News gathering

News gathering is the process of finding, verifying, and developing information for journalistic publication. It combines reporting, source work, observation, and documentary research.

Journalistic sourcing: The practice of obtaining information and evidence from people, documents, and other sources for journalism. Sources supply leads, testimony, and records that reporters assess during gathering.
Interview: A structured conversation used to obtain information, testimony, or perspective from a person. Interviews let reporters gather firsthand accounts and clarify claims.
Data journalism: Journalism that analyzes datasets to find, test, or explain newsworthy patterns. Structured data can expose patterns and test claims that individual sources cannot establish.
Journalistic ethics: Principles governing responsible conduct in journalism, including accuracy, fairness, and minimizing harm. Ethical duties guide decisions about methods, disclosure, and publication risks.
Source verification: The process of checking a source’s identity, credibility, access, and claims before relying on them. Verification tests whether information gathered can support publication.
Document research: The examination of written or digital records to establish facts, context, or evidence. Records can corroborate interviews and reveal facts unavailable through observation.
Court reporting: Journalism that covers legal proceedings, court decisions, and the justice system. Court filings and hearings make documentary and firsthand gathering central to coverage.
Source protection: Measures used to preserve the confidentiality and safety of people who provide information. Sources may face retaliation when reporting exposes their identities or disclosures.
Fact-checking: The systematic examination of factual claims against reliable evidence. Fact-checking checks claims and details assembled through reporting.
Public records: Government documents and data made available for public inspection under law or policy. They provide traceable evidence about official actions, spending, and decisions.

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